ENG Profile 2017

2017 PROF IL E PROFILE 2017 DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY IMPACT

DAILY MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION 2017 Thomas Skjødeberg Toftegaard, Head of Department Morten Dam Rasmussen, Deputy Head of Department Jens Kargaard Madsen, Head of Electrical and Computer Engineering Henrik Myhre Jensen, Head of Mechanical Engineering Søren Wandahl, Head of Civil and Architectur

CONTENTS 3 MACHINE INTELLIGENCE Magnetic memory in electronics of the future .......................................................................................12 Gearing up wireless technology ......................................................................................................

AU Engineering, Campus Navitas, Aarhus

ENGINEERING DEEP TECH INNOVATIONS 5 Engineering Deep Tech Innovations As engineers, we strive to build prob- lem-solving technology that benefits not only individuals and businesses, but also society in general. And just like last year, deep tech innovations continue to be of very high priority for

6 ENGINEERING DISCIPLINES The Department of Engineering at Aarhus University creates innovative and sustainable solutions to some of the major problems facing humanity. We keep a strong focus on technologys impact throughout all our engineering activities in deep research, applied and strategic res

ENGINEERING DISCIPLINES ENGINEERING DISCIPLINES Biological Engineering Chemical Engineering Civil Engineering Architectural Engineering Electrical Engineering Computer Engineering Mechanical Engineering 7

AU Engineering, Campus Navitas, Aarhus

10 MACHINE INTELLIGENCE MACHINE INTELLIGENCE

MACHINE INTELLIGENCE 11 We meet intelligent systems each and every day. Digitalisation has made a radical impact on the lives of individuals and competitive conditions for companies. Researchers play a key role in the work involved in utilising technological opportunities in a good, safe and respons

12 MACHINE INTELLIGENCE project facts TITLE Spintronic-Photonic Integrated Circuit Platform for Novel Electronics SCHEDULE 20162019 PARTNERS Radboud University SpinTEC imec QuantumWise FINANCIAL FRAMEWORK DKK 25 million Horizon 2020, FET OPEN CONTACT Associate Professor Martijn Heck mheckeng.au.dk M

MACHINE INTELLIGENCE 13 In the coming years, researchers will develop new technology that can accommodate the worlds growing need for computers that are even smaller, faster and more energy-efficient. With a prestigious research grant, they will establish a completely new technological foundation fo

14 MACHINE INTELLIGENCE project facts Gearing up wireless technology With a new university laboratory, researchers can boost their experimental work with wireless technologies for future networks that effectively and rapidly communicate large amounts of data. Aarhus University has established one of

MACHINE INTELLIGENCE 15 NEW AU WIRELESS TRANSCEIVER LABORATORY Wireless technology makes it possible to connect people and machines with each other so that they can exchange data, act and make decisions with a degree of intelligence that would have been unimaginable a few years ago. In the coming ye

Robotic productivity to be boosted by dynamic modelling The worlds leading manufacturer of collaborative robot arms has joined forces with Aarhus University to dampen the vibrations that occur when the robot arms move. Imagine a row of robot arms that carry out pre-programmed work with super- human

Associate Professor Xuping Zhang (right) and PhD student Dan Kielsholm Thomsen (left) are working on reducing vibrations in a collaborative robot arm from Universal Robots. Universal Robots in Odense is the worlds leading manufacturer of collaborative ro- bot arms robot arms that do not require shi

project facts TITLE Ear EEG-based Hypoglycaemia Alarm SCHEDULE 2013-2017 FINANCIAL FRAMEWORK DKK 20 million Innovation Fund Denmark PROJECT PARTNERS Widex, Odense University Hospital CONTACT Professor (Docent) Preben Kidmose pkieng.au.dk Professor (Docent) Preben Kidmose believes that in-the-ear EEG

MACHINE INTELLIGENCE 19 A look through the keyhole of the brain How do you get information out of the brain? Researchers at Aarhus University are carrying out research into taking passive measurements of the brains electrical signals and piecing them together into a larger image of the brains cognit

20 MACHINE INTELLIGENCE Drop the silo mentality and get smart The Internet of Things, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence are paving the way for completely new opportunities and business models for companies. However, they need to create smart products and do away with conventional thinking. The wo

The Internet of Things and Big Data are changing the world and turning the retail industry upside down. Who could have expected that an online bookstore such as Amazon which is currently in full swing implementing automatic drone delivery could become a serious competitor to everything from superm

22 ADVANCED MATERIALS ADVANCED MATERIALS

ADVANCED MATERIALS New materials with properties that we hardly dare dream of today will see the light of day in the near future. We are on the threshold of yet another industrial revolution where technology will pave the way for completely new inventions and advances in a considerable number of are

24 ADVANCED MATERIALS The most advanced biorefinery in the world In the new Centre for Biorefining Technologies at Aarhus University, researchers will create knowledge and technology that can contribute to the exploitation of biomass for high-value products. The activities at the centre aim to creat

project facts TITLE BioValue SCHEDULE 20132018 FINANCIAL FRAMEWORK DKK 160 million SPIR, Innovation Fund Denmark High-protein animal feed from grass Sustainable feed produced from grass can eventually provide a replacement for the large amounts of imported soya that European pigs consume every day.

26 ADVANCED MATERIALS New knowledge about the powerful forces of the sea Experiments in the open sea create new knowledge about how waves originate, develop and affect the surroundings with their strength. This will make it possible to maintain facilities such as oil platforms in the North Sea for a

TITLE Extreme Waves Direct and Indirect Load Estimation SCHEDULE 2016-2020 FINANCIAL FRAMEWORK DKK 8.5 MILLION Danish Hydrocarbon Research and Technology Centre (DHRTC) PROJECT PARTNERS DHRTC DTU Maersk Oil & Gas Newcastle University CONTACT Professor Christos T. Georgakis; cgeng.au.dk NEW TECHNOLO

28 ADVANCED MATERIALS Danish researchers unleash Darwin to change plastic forever Imagine a future where plastic is sustainable, green, biodegradable and manufactured without chemistry. A team of researchers is hoping to achieve exactly this by means of a green soup of microalgae. Natural rubber was

ADVANCED MATERIALS 29 Plastic surrounds us everywhere and is of fundamental importance for our lives as they are today. However, the non-biodegradability of plastics is harming nature all over the world. Associate Professor Zheng Guo (left) and Associate Professor Peter Kristensen (right) therefore

30 ADVANCED MATERIALS Nano-adhesives to create near-unbreakable metal and rubber bonding Adhesives are used throughout industry, but many contain toxics and others are not reliable or durable. But what if you could merge two materials together using clean molecular bonding? That is exactly what scie

project facts TITLE Molecular Adhesive for Strong and Durable Bonding of Rubber to Metal SCHEDULE 20162019 FINANCIAL FRAMEWORK DKK 11.9 million Innovation Fund Denmark PROJECT PARTNERS AVK Gummi A/S RadiSurf ApS CONTACT Assistant Professor Michal Kazimierz Budzik mibueng.au.dk A super glue that coul

32 ENERGY ENERGY

ENERGY 33 Researchers are currently embarking on a new chapter in the history of energy, where we will be frontrunners for a sustainable transformation of the global climate. We will experience enormous changes in the way we produce, distribute, store and use energy. The world needs new technologies

34 ENERGY Green power for Apples new data centre Researchers will help Apple to create a stable supply of sustainable energy for the first stage of the 250,000-square-metre data centre opening in Denmark in 2017. Beginning in 2017, Apples new data centre will store enormous amounts of information fr

ENERGY 35 The iTunes, iCloud and App Store servers will eventually run on supplementary power produced by Aarhus University researchers. They will use the surplus power from wind turbines to produce large amounts of methane gas. They will store the gas in the natural gas grid and convert it to elect

36 ENERGY project facts Danes use less energy on heating Researchers have surveyed the district heating consumption of as many as 28,000 Danish single-family houses. They can thus for the first time document development in the actual energy consumption for heating private homes in Denmark, and concl

ENERGY to faults and defects in the construction work. In newer houses, energy consumption at the high end of the scale can possibly be caused by an insufficient building en- velope, poorly regulated ventilation and heating systems and even shoddy work and negligence, he says. The difference betwee

38 ENERGY Overloaded: How to save the green energy network of tomorrow The energy network of the future will be much more decentralised than at present, where large heat and power plants provide the coverage. This can potentially overload local grids that are not designed for the modern form of ener

ENERGY 39 What do you do when the electricity grid has not been updated to cover the boost in power consumption to run both cars and heating pumps in the future? Batteries can be the way forward, according to Associate Professor Anders Bentien. What has been the driving force behind battery developm

40 ENERGY Developing the bio-boilers of the future Straw-fired boilers are used all over Denmark to provide heating for homes and farm buildings, but they create much more pollution than comparable wood pellet boilers. A new project will try to amend this because straw is a very inexpensive form of

ENERGY The annual harvest is a recurring sign of the arrival of autumn in Denmark, where heavy combine harvesters slowly trans- form the golden-brown landscape into stubble fields dotted with large rectangu- lar bales of straw. This is nature taking its course, and is just as certain as the leaves b

42 ENERGY How do you distinguish renewable energy? Are you buying certified green power? Then perhaps you have wondered whether you are actually getting what you are paying extra for. Because how do you tell electricity apart? Green, sustainable and renewable energy is in and has been for years. Lan

ENERGY 43 Flow tracing is becoming more and more necessary as a means of control in a decentralised energy grid such as the one we are heading towards as a society. Photo: Postdoctoral Fellow Mirko Schäfer project facts TITLE Tracing the power flow in complex renewable energy networks SCHEDULE 2016-

44 ENERGY project facts TITLE RE-Invest Renewable Energy Investments Strategies A two- dimensional interconnectivity approach SCHEDULE 20172021 FINANCIAL FRAMEWORK DKK 27 million Innovation Fund Denmark Smart transition will ensure green energy by 2050 Denmark will be 100 per cent independent of f

ENERGY 45 Solar and wind energy will cover an ever-greater share of Denmarks power supply, and this means that the network must be able to handle a decentralised energy structure with fluctuating production. Pictured here are Assistant Professor Gorm Bruun Andresen (left) and Professor Martin Greine

Navitas Campus, Aarhus

48 HEALTH HEALTH

HEALTH 49 Global demographic development puts considerable strain on health services in all communities. Technology is one of the most important drivers for a health sector that can ensure quality of life for even more of the worlds population. In the years ahead, engineers will be involved in devel

50 HEALTH Mathematical models behind new cancer images By combining two different scanning technologies, researchers have succeeded in creating completely new and detailed images of cancer tumours in mice. This could eventually pave the way for the development of more effective drugs. A Danish resea

project facts CONTACT Associate Professor Jens Vinge Nygaard jvneng.au.dk Associate Professor Jens Vinge Nygaard specialises in classical mechanics. Using mathematical models, he can predict the development of a cancer tumour.

52 HEALTH project facts TITLE Prometheus SCHEDULE 20162018 FINANCIAL FRAMEWORK DKK 9.5 million EU Interreg PROJECT PARTNERS University of Southern Denmark (SDU) Little Belt Hospital Kiel University Hospital CONTACT Professor Peter Gall Krogh, pkrogheng.au.dk Design provides better patient care A new

HEALTH 53 Design can prove to be considerably more important than previously thought for the self-care of chronically ill patients. Professor Peter Gall Krogh is developing new sensor-based prototypes of self-monitoring devices that will help urology patients. ing self-monitoring, the researchers in

54 HEALTH project facts TITLE Lighting Solutions for Treatment of Bipolar Disorders in Psychiatric Health Care Environments SCHEDULE 2015-2017 There is much more to lighting than flicking a switch More and more building owners and designers are trying to adopt circadian lighting concepts for both ne

HEALTH 55 Incandescence the heating of a wire filament with electricity to such a high temperature that it glows with visible light. The invention, which has been attributed to Thomas Edison, sparked a revolution fundamental to our society and way of life today. still a long way to go, as some rese

56 PRECISION AGRICULTURE PRECISION AGRICULTURE

PRECISION AGRICULTURE 57 How do we ensure sufficient quantities of healthy food and clean water for a growing global population? This is one of the most acute challenges faced by the global community. At a research level, engineers are working on finding new technological solutions to ensure that we

58 PRECISION AGRICULTURE Researchers are close to a solution that provides an opportunity to monitor and limit ammonia emissions from animal housing, thereby significantly reducing the environmental impact of the farming industry. Photo: Associate Professor Anders Feilberg New technology for reducti

PRECISION AGRICULTURE 59 project facts TITLE ECOMETA (Emission Control: Methods and Technologies for Agriculture) SCHEDULE 2017-2020 FINANCIAL FRAMEWORK DKK 17.4 million Innovation Fund Denmark, Grand solutions PROJECT PARTNERS SEGES, Agrifarm Innovation Aps Infuser Aps Wageningen Livestock Research

60 PRECISION AGRICULTURE Researchers can already take high-resolution images of weeds, even when driving at 50 km/h in the field. The aim is to make the entire spraying process as autonomous as possible. How deep learning can help farmers get rid of weeds By using a number of digital technologies, i

project facts SCHEDULE 2017-2020 FINANCIAL FRAMEWORK DKK 34.6 million Innovation Fund Denmark PROJECT PARTNERS AgroIntelli ApS IPM Consult ApS Datalogisk A/S Danfoil A/S IGIS ApS CONTACT Senior Researcher Rasmus Nyholm Jørgensen rnjeng.au.dk This image shows a survey of weeds in a field. Each indivi

62 PRECISION AGRICULTURE Huge project to demonstrate how the Internet will fundamentally change farming The EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation is investing a two-figure million amount in a major demonstration project that will show how farming can make use of smart IT solutions such

Farmers will hardly need to keep their hands on the steering wheel when they are ploughing the fields in the future. Senior Researcher Claus Grøn Sørensen is shown here behind the wheel. He is working on fully automated and autonomous farming in the future. A glorious story of autonomy In other word

Navitas Campus, Aarhus

66 PUBLICATIONS PUBLICATIONS

PUBLICATIONS AU Engineering Peer Reviewed Publications 2016 67

68 JOURNAL ARTICLES JOURNAL ARTICLES 3D impurity inspection of cylindrical transparent containers. / Kragh, Mikkel Fly; Bjerge, Kim; Ahrendt, Peter. In: Measurement Science and Technology, Vol. 28, No. 1, 2016. A Comparison between Temperature-Controlled Laminar Airflow Device and a Room Air-Cleaner

JOURNAL ARTICLES An Open Platform for Seamless Sensor Support in Healthcare for the Internet of Things. / Miranda, Jorge; Cabral, Jorge; Wagner, Stefan Rahr; Pedersen, Christian Fischer; Ravelo, Blaise; Memon, Mukhtiar; Mathiesen, Morten. In: Sensors, Vol. 16, No. 12, 2016. Anaerobic digestion of su

70 JOURNAL ARTICLES Choosing the appropriate sensitivity analysis method for building energy model-based investigations. / Kris- tensen, Martin Heine; Petersen, Steffen. In: Energy and Buildings, Vol. 130, 2016. Closed-form modelling and design analysis of V- and Z-shaped electrothermal microactuato

JOURNAL ARTICLES Dynamic Energy, Exergy and Economic Analysis of the High Temperature Heat and Power Storage System. / Arabkoohsar, Ahmad; Andresen, Gorm. In: Energy, 2016. Dynamic Modelling and Analysis of V- and Z-shaped Electrothermal Microactuators. / Zhang, Zhou; Yu, Yueqing; Liu, Xinyu; Zhang,

72 JOURNAL ARTICLES High Throughput Identification and Quantification of Phospholipids in Complex Mixtures. / Balsgart, Nicholas Mcleod; Mulbjerg, Mette; Guo, Zheng; Bertelsen, Kresten; Vosegaard, Thomas. In: Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 88, No. 4, 2016. Highly integrated optical phased arrays: photon

JOURNAL ARTICLES Low-Energy Write Operation for 1T-1MTJ STT-RAM Bitcells With Negative Bitline Technique. / Farkhani, Hooman; Peiravi, Ali; Moradi, Farshad. In: IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, Vol. 24, No. 4, 2016. Low-leakage sub-threshold 9T-SRAM cell in 14-nm Fin

74 JOURNAL ARTICLES Plasma Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Immobilization of Candida antarctica Lipase B: Production of Biodiesel from Methanolysis of Rapeseed Oil. / Rastian, Zahra; Khodadadi, Abbas Ali; Guo, Zheng; Vahabzadeh, Farzaneh; Mortazavi, Yadollah. In: Applied Biochemistry

JOURNAL ARTICLES Marianne; Sørensen, Lise L.; Jensen, Bjarne; Skov, Henrik; Birmili, Wolfram; Wiedensohler, Alfred; Kristensson, Adam; Nøjgaard, Jacob K.; Massling, Andreas. In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 16, No. 17, 2016. Sensor and control for consistent seed drill coulter depth. / Ki

76 JOURNAL ARTICLES The effect of increased classroom ventilation rate indicated by reduced CO2-concentration on the perfor- mance of schoolwork by children. / Petersen, Steffen; Jensen, K L.; Pedersen, A. L. S.; Rasmussen, H. S. In: Indoor Air, Vol. 26, No. 3, 2016. The effect of the aortic valve o

CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOOKS AND REPORTS CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOOKS AND REPORTS A model-driven evaluation of demand response communication protocols for smart grid. / Ebeid, Emad Samuel Malki; Rotger Griful, Sergi; Mikkelsen, Søren Aagaard; Jacobsen, Rune Hylsberg. In: Smarter Energy: From Smart Metering to t

78 CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Power Flow Tracing in Complex Networks. / Schäfer, Mirko; Hempel, Sabrina; Hörsch, Jonas; Tranberg, Bo; Schramm, Stefan; Greiner, Martin. In: New Horizons in Fundamental Physics. 2016. Securing a Home Energy Managing Platform. / Mikkelsen, Søren Aagaard; Ja

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Agricultural robotic candidate overview using co-model driven development. / Christiansen, Martin Peter; Larsen, Peter Gorm; Nyholm Jørgensen, Rasmus. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Integrated Modeling and Analysis in Applied Control and Au

80 CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Design of an Event-Driven Residential Demand Response Infrastructure. / Jacobsen, Rune Hylsberg; Ghasem Azar, Armin; Ebeid, Emad Samuel Malki. Proceedings of the 19th Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design : DSD 2016. 2016. Designing for Childrens Co

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Formalising and Validating the Interface Description in the FMI standard. / Hasanagic, Miran; Tran-Jørgensen, Peter Würtz Vinther; Lausdahl, Kenneth Guldbrandt; Larsen, Peter Gorm. FM 2016: Formal Methods: Proceedings of the 21st International Symposium on For

82 CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Lessons learned from a qualitative sustainability assessment method Farm Talks. / de Olde, Evelien; Derkzen, Petra ; Oudshoorn, Frank Willem; Sørensen, Claus Aage Grøn. 12th European IFSA Symposium : Social and tech- nological transformation of farming syst

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Research and Development Activities on Pile Foundations in Europe. / Gavin, Kenneth; Igoe, David; Sørensen, Kenny Kataoka, Huybrechts, Noël. Proceedings of ISSMGE - ETC 3 International Symposium on Design of Piles in Europe: How did Eurocode 7 change daily pra

84 OTHER CONFERENCE CONTRIBUTIONS Udviklingen inden for præcisionsjordbrug og tilknyttet udstyr. / Green, Ole; Edwards, Gareth Thomas Charles; Jæger, Claes D.; Steen, Kim Arild; Christensen, Peter; Dyrmann, Mads; Nyholm Jørgensen, Rasmus. Plantekongres 2016. 2016. Unfolding Utzon - Learning from Utz

OTHER CONFERENCE CONTRIBUTIONS Assessing Energy Potentials of Agricultural Residues in Bangladesh : A Methodological Approach. / Rahman, Muhammad Anisur; Møller, Henrik Bjarne; Saha, Chayan Kumer; Monjurul Alam, Md. Paper presented at Interna- tional Conference on Agricultural Engineering 2016. 2016

86 OTHER CONFERENCE CONTRIBUTIONS Effects of air velocity on heat loss of an artificial pig and the effective temperature development. / Li, Hao; Rong, Li; Zhang, Guoqiang. Abstract from the International Conference on Agricultural Engineering 2016. 2016. Effects of Stimulus Duration on Gustatory Ev

OTHER CONFERENCE CONTRIBUTIONS New insight on span selection for Chinese solar greenhouses using CFD analyses. / Tong, Guohong; Davis, Chris- topher; Zhang, Guoqiang. Paper presented at the International Conference on Agricultural Engineering 2016. 2016. Numerical study of airflow characteristics in

88 OTHER CONFERENCE CONTRIBUTIONS Review on mechanism of natural ventilation in livestock buildings past studies future challenges. / Rong, Li; Bjerg, B.; Bartzanas, Thomas; Zhang, Guoqiang. Abstract from the International Conference on Agricultural Engi- neering 2016. 2016. Sector Coupling in a Hig

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Katrinebjerg Campus, Aarhus

92 PATENTS PATENTS

PATENTS 2016 A Method and Apparatus for Producing Biofuel in an Oscillating Flow Production Line under Supercritical Fluid Conditions, Johannsen, I., Adamsen, A. P. S., Kilsgaard, B. S. & Milkevych, V., January 2016. An active electrode having a closed-loop unit-gain amplifier with chopper modulatio

94 KEY FIGURES KEY FIGURES 154,5 TOTAL ENG TURNOVER (M DKK) 143 150 Based on annual FC3 budget 119 125 104 90 100 75 75 50 25 0 EXTERNAL FUNDING TOTAL (M DKK) 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 100 2016 91.4 Based on annual FC3 budget 71.1 61,4 49,0 50 24,8 29,7 0 2011 PEER REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS 2012 2013 201

95 KEY FIGURES 7,5 PEER REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS PER VIP 7 6,1 6 4,9 5 4 6,5 4,0 4,3 3 2 1 0 ENGINEERING PHD STUDENTS 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 67 70 60 60 52 50 2016 45 46 2011 2012 55 40 30 20 10 0 ENROLLED ENGINEERING STUDENTS BACHELOR MASTER 2013 2500 2000 2030 2187 2014 2358 2015 2404 2016 2551 175

Hangøvej Campus, Aarhus

YK SA 98 1 G N R . 54 - Profile 2017 was printed with vegetable-based inks on Munken Polar paper at a press certified by the Nordic Ecolabel. The paper is made of wood from FSC -certified forestry and other certified sources.

DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING, PROFILE 2017 Produced by: Department of Engineering, April 2017 Editors: Kim Harel, Jesper Bruun, Heidi Søndergaard, Thomas Skjødeberg Toftegaard, Mette Stig Hansen Design & layout: Astrid Friis Reitzel, AU Research Support and External Relations Photos: Lars Kruse, Anders

CONTACT Department of Engineering Science and Technology Aarhus University Inge Lehmanns Gade 10 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark eng.au.dk