105 WATER CONSUMPTION litres is the average amount of water a person uses per day in the household. Selected rules, national plans and reforms that have had an impact on the price and water consumption of a family: 1987: Environmental Plan for Water I the plan was intended to protect the aquatic environment, both groundwater and surface water. The Environmental Plan for Water gave rise to the need for major construction and upgrading of wastewater treatment plants. 1993: Tax on tap water (€ 0.67/m3 ) as well as a penalty tax for drinking water companies with a water loss of over 10% - Act No. 492 of 30/06/1993 (Ministry of Taxation). 1996: Tax for wastewater Act No. 490 of 12/06/1996 (Ministry of Taxation). 1996: Requirements for installation of water meters Executive Order No.525 of 14/06/1996 (Danish Ministry of Climate, Energy and Utilities). 1998: Environmental Plan for Water II the plan was mainly intended to reduce nitrogen emissions. 2004: Environmental Plan for Water III further reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus emissions. 2007: Municipal reform reduced the number of municipalities from 271 to 98, resulting in a merger of many water utilities. 2009: The Danish Water Sector Act the separation of municipal water and wastewater supply activities to municipally owned public limited companies (water companies) and the introduction of price caps and efficiency requirements Act No. 469 of 12/06/2009 (Danish Ministry of Climate, Energy and Utilities). 2011: Introduction of drinking water contributions of 67 cents per square meter3 Act No. 1384 of 28/12/2011 (Ministry of Taxation). Last summer's drought affected water consumption Since the introduction of the Environmental Plan for Water I in 1987, average water consumption in households has been constantly decreasing, though at a slightly lower rate in recent years. However, last summer's record day. The calculation is based on 64 drinking water companies, which together serve 3.27 million inhabitants. The graph lists some of the laws and regulations which are believed to have influenced heat resulted in slightly higher water consumption per person per day in Danish households. In 2017, the average consumption was 103 l/ person/day, but due to last year's higher temperatures, consumption increased to 105 l/person/ day. It was clear that more citizens chose to water the garden more than usual and that pools were used frequently. 2018 was also a record year for wildfires, which also affected water consumption for fire extinguishing purposes. The total water consumption in 2018 measured in households, holiday homes, businesses, institutions and water losses was on average 62.88 m3 per person/per year. Households accounted for 66% of the total volume of water sold. An individual uses an average of 38.46 m3 per year, corresponding to 105 litres per the decrease in water consumption and price trends. At first glance, it appears that it is the Environmental Plan for Water I which, with increased environmental awareness among consumers combined with an increase in wastewater rates, has led to the decrease in water consumption. The introduction of a drinking water tax on tap water, which was initially called the green 70 cents, meant that in the period from 1994 to 1998 14 cents was added to the tariff each year. During the same period, water consumption in the household decreased by 10.5%. Water consumption in households has decreased by 38% over the 31 years since the implementation of Environmental Plan for Water I. CONSUMPTION OF DRINKING WATER, 1976-2018 m3/person/year 140 Environmental plan for water I Charge on piped water Charge on Environmental emitted plan for water II waste water from Requirement purification for water plants meters Environmental plan for water III Water sector act Municipal reform 120 Contribution to the protection of drinking water 100 80 60 40 20 Households Holiday homes Business (industry) Institutions 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 1985 1984 1983 1982 1981 1980 1979 1978 1977 1976 0 Waterloss (NRW) Since 2014, a new category Holiday homes has been introduced, which is included in household consumption figures. Data Source: 1976-1998: Master project: Modelling water demand by Nana Sofie Aarøe data for 14-30 companies. 1999-2018: Data from DANVA's calculations for Water in figures data from 33-116 companies. 2019 WATER IN FIGURES 3 WATER IN FIGURES 2019 DANVA STATISTICS & BENCHMARKING Denmark LEADER TEXT: CARL-EMIL LARSEN/ PHOTO: DANVA Wastewater heat pumps take heat production to a new level W ater companies act efficiently and create value for households and industry. This document shows the water sector's key figures compiled by DANVA in Water in figures 2019. We will also review 105 WATER CONSUMPTION litres is the average amount of water a person uses per day in the household. Selected rules, national plans and reforms that have had an impact on the price and water consumption of a family: 1987: Environmental Plan for Water I the plan was intended to protect the aquati WATER PRICE How much does water cost? The price of water is not the same throughout the country. On the one hand, there are structural differences such as geological conditions, different customer bases and large differences in investment needs, and on the other hand, price composition may vary fro PHOTO: COLOURBOX WATER PRICE Information about water prices How much does water cost? The price of water depends on which water company you are affiliated with. Contact your local water company to get your water prices. On average, a litre of water costs 0.93 cents. What does the water price cons WATER PRICE PHOTO: HERNING VAND Water price composition 6 WATER IN FIGURES 2019 Amount for drinking water 3,14 €/m3 water and wastewater, the distribution is as follows: The treatment and supply of clean drinking water includes groundwater protection, treatment and supply of drinking water. T PHOTO: COLOURBOX WATER PRICE AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD COSTS FOR WATER, 2007 - 2018 €/m3 (2018 price) 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2007 2008 Drinking water 2009 2010 Wastewater 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 VAT and taxes The estimate is for an average family of 2.15 people wi WATER PRICE Debt in the water sector Water companies (drinking and wastewater companies) have to take loans more often when investing in new plants, pipelines and other assets than if it is up to the authorities. It is also evident from the graph below that the debt of water companies with KommuneK WATER PRICE THREE-STEP TARIFFS MODEL, 2018 Million m3 water sold in the sewerage catchment area LEVEL 2 Water consumption: 500 m3-20,000 m3 The cubic metre tariff is LEVEL 3 Water consumption: Over 20,000 m 3 The cubic metre tariff is 2014 4% lower than level 1 12% lower than level 1 2015 8% l WATER IN FIGURES 2019 TEXT: JESPER WITH, JOURNALIST/ PHOTO: COLOURBOX After the court case on taxation of water and wastewater companies: More than € 134 millions is on its way back to the water and wastewater companies After a nearly 10-year fight, DANVA and the water and wastewater companies won WATER IN FIGURES 2019 etc. This value has an impact on the ability of companies to make depreciations and therefore on the amount of tax they are required to pay. But since the water wastewater companies are break-even companies, in principle they do not generate profits, nor have they ever been tr WATER IN FIGURES 2019 PHOTO: TREFOR VAND The Danish water sector All drinking water in Denmark comes exclusively from groundwater, with the exception of a small desalination plant on Christiansø. In 2016, the total pumped water volume for public waterworks was 373 million m3/year 1 ), with DANVA m WATER IN FIGURES 2019 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT The following economic development graphs include all drinking water and wastewater companies covered under the Danish Water Sector Act and which have a charged water volume over 800,000 m3. ACTUAL OPERATING COST DRINKING WATER ACTUAL OPERATING COST WAS BENCHMARKING DRINKING WATER DRINKING WATER COMPANIES in DANVA Statistics & Benchmarking In 2019, 67 drinking water companies reported data to DANVA Statistics & Benchmarking. The figures shown apply to 2018. Together, the companies have more than 1,750 water abstraction wells, comprising 154 catchm BENCHMARKING DRINKING WATER ACTUAL OPERATING COSTS, 2018 0 be invested over the next 2 years, where the forecast for 2019 is a 30% increase compared to the 2018 level. The distribution between costs and investments In 2018, drinking water companies spent 33% of their actual operating costs on wat BENCHMARKING DRINKING WATER PHOTO: VANDCENTER SYD The water loss curve takes a hit due to last summer's drought The Danish drinking water companies can be characterised as having a very low level of water loss in the pipelines. For the 50-52 drinking water companies that have participated in DANVA BENCHMARKING DRINKING WATER SHARE OF REMOTE METER READING The number of remotely read meters is steadily increasing The water companies' switch from the manual reading of water meters to remotely read meters provides solid data for the detection of leakage and reliable calculations of water consum BENCHMARKING DRINKING WATER PHOTO: COLOURBOX NON-REVENUE WATER (WATER LOSS), 2018 m3/km/day Non-Revenue water (water loss) Drinking water companies' calculation of water loss, also known as non-revenue water shows significant differences between companies. The companies' rankings depend on the me PHOTO: AARHUS VAND A/S BENCHMARKING DRINKING WATER Infrastructure Leak Index (ILI) The real water loss can be more accurately calculated and compared through the calculation of the Infrastructure Leak Index (ILI). It is an international water loss performance indicator developed by the Internation WATER IN FIGURES TEXT: JESPER WITH, JOURNALIST/ PHOTO: TREFOR VAND AND COLOURBOX DNA ANALYSIS provides new opportunities in water supply TREFOR Vand has used a new method that, through DNA analysis, can quickly find leaks where tree roots have found their way into a drinking water line. This save XXX ness experiences. They reviewed the pictures and found 10 possible willow trees of which 3 could be the source of the penetrating tree root. So TREFOR Vand sent samples of the three willow trees for new DNA analyses. Only one tree matched all the parameters. It was found on the first try All w BENCHMARKING DRINKING WATER Availability to customers works so that the water supply's down time to consumers is as short as possible. They can also notify consumers via an SMS notification, or the like, to minimise the inconvenience of not having water in the tap. Security of supply, ensuring th BENCHMARKING DRINKING WATER Self-arising bursts in the pipeline network or house/building connections, where the pipelines age, pipe material, drilling saddles, geology and the quality of work performed are often the cause of the burst. Bursts due to external conditions, where the burst is often BENCHMARKING DRINKING WATER from the waterworks to the customer's water meter. The bulk of the pipeline belongs to the water company. The last few meters from the property boundary to the water meter, called the ground line, are owned by the landowner. The 74 companies participating in DANVA Statis BENCHMARKING DRINKING WATER results from the accredited analyses show that, based on 13,906 samples, 98.9% of the microbiological control samples taken fall within the threshold limits for all quality requirements. If only one analytical parameter on a water sample exceeds the quality requirements, WATER IN FIGURES 2019 TEXT: JESPER WITH, JOURNALIST/ PHOTO: VANDCENTER SYD VandCenter Syd: The aim is absolute sustainability VandCenter Syd (VCS Denmark) is the first Danish water company to carry out an absolute sustainability assessment that takes into account a wide range of possible environm WATER IN FIGURES 2019 a lot of ethical dilemmas. However, we are now utilising the assessment in our strategy process, in which we set our long-term goals. The analysis has let us know several things that we were not previously aware of. For example, we learned that methane emissions from our sewer WATER IN FIGURES 2019 28 WATER IN FIGURES 2019 PHOTO: COLOURBOX WATER IN FIGURES 2019 IT Y QUAL N ATIO EDUC HIPS PARTNERS E TO ACHIEV THE GOAL CLIMATE ACTION SU S AN TAIN D C AB OM LE MU CIT NI IES TIE S More and more Danish water and wastewater companies are using the sustainable development goals (SDGs) as a framework for creating better results for the env BENCHMARKING WASTEWATER WASTEWATER COMPANIES in DANVA Statistics and Benchmarking In 2019, 87 wastewater companies reported data to DANVA Statistics and Benchmarking. The reported figures are for 2018. Together, the companies provide services to approximately 4.99 million people and operate 471 tre BENCHMARKING WASTEWATER ACTUAL OPERATING COSTS, 2018 to invest due to economic regulation, even though there are a large number of climate investments that should be implemented. Breakdown of expenditure and investment Wastewater companies spend, on average, 34% of their actual operating costs on BENCHMARKING WASTEWATER FOCUS ON DISCHARGE FROM OVERFLOW SPILLWAYS There is an increased focus on discharge from overflow spillways on wastewater companies combined sewerage, and the new government is also announcing actions to improve the knowledge regarding overflow. The governments goal is to im BENCHMARKING WASTEWATER report's statement that the reservoir volume of the combined sewers has risen (15%) even though the area has been reduced. Separate sewerage Wastewater companies may choose to expand the existing combined sewer network with larger pipelines and wastewater basins in order to BENCHMARKING WASTEWATER Energy consumed by the wastewater companies The consumption of energy by wastewater companies is divided into energy consumption in the transport network and energy consumption at the wastewater treatment plants, respectively. This has been done in order to produce appropria PHOTO: AARHUS VAND A/S NET AND GROSS ENERGY FOR TREATMENT, 2018 Kalundborg BIOFOS LYN VCS Aalborg Vejle Aarhus Vand Horsens Fredericia DINForsyning Randers Hørsholm Herning Køge Mariagerfj. AquaDjurs Billund Kerteminde Sønderborg Odder Fr. Havn Rudersdal Skanderborg Hjørring Lolland Syddjurs Bornho WATER IN FIGURES 2019 TEXT: ANNELINE HØJRUP/ PHOTO: MORSØ FORSYNING AND KALUNDBORG FORSYNING HEAT PUMPS provide new energy to the water sector HANS-MARTIN FRIIS MØLLER CEO, KALUNDBORG FORSYNING VILLY KRISTENSEN OPERATIONS MANAGER NYKØBING VANDVÆRK M orsø Forsyning and Kalundborg Forsyning are WATER IN FIGURES 2019 We maintain our budgets, and the fact that we can sell surplus heat from the wastewater means that the cost of wastewater treatment is reduced. In this way, the heat pump is of benefit to both the businesses and the citizens of Kalundborg. Heat pump provides colder drinking w BENCHMARKING WASTEWATER Need for new solutions to remove extraneous water Extraneous water is present, to varying degrees, among the various wastewater companies. Conditions such as the origin of the sewerage system, groundwater level, soil conditions, rainfall and the state of the sewerage system Loads at the wastewater treatment plants BENCHMARKING WASTEWATER PHOTO: VANDCENTER SYD There is a very large variation in the organic matter content of the wastewater flowing to the wastewater treatment plants. Companies such as slaughterhouses or breweries emit large quantities of organic matter BENCHMARKING WASTEWATER Wastewater companies' treatment of sludge When the Danes wastewater has been led to a treatment plant, treated and subsequently discharged to a recipient, the companies are left with the biological sludge, which is a surplus product from the treatment. The sludge treatment a PHOTO: COLOURBOX waste. The sewage companies costs for treating sludge in the treatment plants represent approximately 15% of the total operating costs of the wastewater treatment plants. Sludge disposal As a rule, dewatered sludge is disposed of in one of three categories: Sewage sludge that can DRINKING WATER: BASIC DATA AND KEY FIGURES DRINKING WATER COMPANIES THAT PARTICIPATED IN BENCHMARKING AND STATISTICS 2019 BASIC DATA (DATA FOR 2018) Company Arwos Vand A/S Assens Vandværk A/S Billund Drikkevand A/S Bornholms Energi & Forsyning A/S Brønderslev Vand A/S Inhabitants in the supply DRINKING WATER: BASIC DATA AND KEY FIGURES PROCESS BENCHMARKING (MAIN KEY FIGURES) Actual operating costs for production, distribution, customer management and general administration in relation to the sold volume of water flow Operating costs of production of water produced at own waterworks Ope DRINKING WATER: BASIC DATA AND KEY FIGURES DRINKING WATER COMPANIES THAT PARTICIPATED IN BENCHMARKING AND STATISTICS 2019 BASIC DATA (DATA FOR 2018) Inhabitants in the supply area Total quantity of water sold Boreholes (water catchment area) persons m3/year number Lyngby-Taarbæk Vand A/S 5 DRINKING WATER: BASIC DATA AND KEY FIGURES PROCESS BENCHMARKING (MAIN KEY FIGURES) Actual operating costs for production, distribution, customer management and general administration in relation to the sold volume of water flow Operating costs of production of water produced at own waterworks Ope WASTEWATER: BASIC AND KEY WASTEWATER COMPANIES THAT PARTICIPATED IN BENCHMARKING AND STATISTICS 2019 (DATA FOR 2018) Company BASIC DATA Inhabitants in the catchment area Sewer system (wastewater and rainwater) Amount of water sold in catchment area Treatment plant over 30 PE Inflow volume to WASTEWATER: BASIC AND KEY PROCESS BENCHMARKING (MAIN KEY FIGURES) Actual operating costs for transport, treatment, customer management, and general administration compared to sold volume of water Operating costs to sewer system related to the amount of water sold in the sewerage catchment area Op WASTEWATER: BASIC AND KEY WASTEWATER COMPANIES THAT PARTICIPATED IN BENCHMARKING AND STATISTICS 2019 (DATA FOR 2018) Company Kalundborg Spildevandsanlæg A/S BASIC DATA Inhabitants in the catchment area Sewer system (wastewater and rainwater) Amount of water sold in catchment area Treatment pl WASTEWATER: BASIC AND KEY PROCESS BENCHMARKING (MAIN KEY FIGURES) Actual operating costs for transport, treatment, customer management, and general administration compared to sold volume of water Operating costs to sewer system related to the amount of water sold in the sewerage catchment area Op WASTEWATER: BASIC AND KEY PHOTO: SAMN FORSYNING WASTEWATER COMPANIES THAT PARTICIPATED IN BENCHMARKING AND STATISTICS 2019 (DATA FOR 2018) Company Svendborg Spildevand A/S BASIC DATA Inhabitants in the catchment area Sewer system (wastewater and rainwater) Amount of water sold in catchment ar WASTEWATER: BASIC AND KEY PROCESS BENCHMARKING (MAIN KEY FIGURES) Actual operating costs for transport, treatment, customer management, and general administration compared to sold volume of water Operating costs to sewer system related to the amount of water sold in the sewerage catchment area Op KEY FIGURES DANVA, Dansk Vand- og Spildevandsforening (the Danish Water and Wastewater Association), is a national industry and stakeholder organisation for Denmarks drinking water and wastewater companies. Read more about us at www.danva.dk Information Water in Figures is published by: DANVA, Go