Sorry, the publication can not be displayed.

*** *** THE DAILY TELEGRAPH THURSDAY, OCTOBER 9, 2008 *** *** | V The Daily Telegraph INDUSTRY OVERVIEW CAREERS IN ENGINEERING FROM CREATING HI-TECH SPORTS EQUIPMENT TO DEVELOPING SPACE SATELLITES, AN ENGINEERING DEGREE CAN EQUIP YOU FOR A VARIETY OF CAREER PATHS, SAYS THEA JOURDAN MAKING THE LEAP THE RELIEF WORKER Engineer Andrew Lamb, 26, works for the not-for-profit organisation RedR which specialises in disaster relief. Lamb was keen to use his skills to work for the greater good. “Did you know that 40 per cent of people who work for Medicins Sans Frontières are engineers and not doctors? That’s because engineers are absolutely essential in a crisis,” he says. “They are the ones who can make the water run again and get the power on. They can construct roads and shelters.” Lamb worked in Kenya last year in a management role. “Aid agencies really value engineers for their management skills in stressful situations because we work as a team. We are also taught how to break down problems into smaller pieces,” he reveals. Workers who can contribute to disaster relief plans are increasingly sought after as earthquakes, floods and conflict destroy communities. “It is vital that we get young people into this sector,” says Lamb. “They can help to save lives. It’s extremely rewarding when you help get people back on the feet.” Engineer Liza Brooks, a keen snowboarder, used her technical skills to set up her own company COURTESY OF APPLE BRAVE NEW WORLD? HOW WILL WE LIVE 40 YEARS FROM NOW? ADAM RAMSAY ASKS FOUR INDUSTRY EXPERTS TO GAZE INTO THEIR PRECISION-ENGINEERED CRYSTAL BALLS y 2050 the world we live in will be a very different place than it is today. As oil supplies dwindle, populations increase, and issues of global warming continue to top the agenda, engineers of the future will have to play a leading role in adapting the houses we live in, the vehicles we travel in, and the way we go about our daily lives. We ask four top engineers to predict the big breakthroughs of the future: B “There will have to be new urban living models in 2050. We will see taller and taller buildings, but also more independent home units. Homes will have intelligent ‘skins’ — membranes or materials engineered to adapt to different conditions — which will be able to passively regulate the amount of sunlight and moisture, and air coming in from outside. We could see massive fields of nanoengineered solar panels covering the deserts, the energy of which would then have to be transported around the world. Alternatively, there could be farms of solar chimneys that concentrate the sun’s energy using huge mirrors, to boil a salt-water generator. Whatever the solution, engineering will play a central role in enabling us to power our homes, cities, and transport systems in 2050.” ED MCCANN, CIVIL ENGINEER AND DIRECTOR OF UK FIRM EXPEDITION ENGINEERING “In the future we are going to have to work out how to get around not using oil. Lightweight and powerful hybrid engines — like one currently in trial by Evo Electric — will have to be developed as well as more efficient electric fuel cells to run lightweight personal vehicles, electric trams and trolley buses. Lightweight composites in cars and planes will help cut fuel consumption; bio-ceramic materials might help human tissue regeneration; and nano-particles could even help in fighting cancers and diabetes. Future homes will need to be more environmentally aware, with personal power sources, smart materials and machinery, and organic and low CO2 emission materials. Current developments in cold-forming materials, reusable concretes, and the resurgence of wood will have an important effect in the future.” DR HUGH HUNT, UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE “Nuclear fusion projects such as the European ITER and the UK-based HiPER offer possible future solutions. Fusion is an environmentally clean power source that creates no greenhouse gases or longlived radioactive waste material. These projects need a huge amount of engineering to set up the superconducting magnets similar to those of the CERN project, and build the elements to secure the ‘burning plasma’ that simulates reactions and heat inside the sun.” PROFESSOR DAME JULIA HIGGINS, ROYAL ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING ‘‘ A rapidly changing world requires quick yet wellconsidered solutions. Today’s engineers, then, play a key role in in solving some of modern life’s less visible problems. The sector depends on forward-thinkers — a fact that the Engineering and Technology Board (ETB) is keen to point out, and today sees the launch of their dynamic new campaign “Engineers Make it Happen”. The careers initiative will highlight the benefits of studying engineering at highereducation level and beyond. “Engineering is an exciting and creative profession that can affect every aspect of our lives,” says John Morton, chief executive of the ETB. “It also puts you at the forefront of the latest technology, so you can really make things happen.” He cites CERN initiatives such as the Large Hadron Collider project and the supercharged “grid” software now being developed to speed up the World Wide Web as examples of how engineers are at the forefront of development and change. Worryingly, however, around 40 per cent of engineering apprentices fail to complete their training. The number of young people studying the subject at further education colleges has also dropped by a quarter in the last three years. Yet the demand for trained engineers is growing, and so the ETB campaign, which will kick off with today’s launch at Cardiff Castle, aims to motivate young people to enter the profession, and inspire those already training to be engineers to stick at it. ‘‘ Engineering is an exciting profession that can affect every aspect of our lives. You work at the forefront of technology Over the next four years the ETB is arranging for engineers working in varying fields to visit schools and colleges as part of a visiting lectureship scheme. “We hope that these talented people will inspire the students to follow in their footsteps,” says Morton. There will also be bursary places for students in higher education so they can get experience in the workplace. Richard Lambert, DirectorGeneral of the Confederation of British Industry says of the “Engineers Make It Happen” campaign: “Young people need to be made aware of the excellent career opportunities that studies in engineering can offer. As a nation we need more technicians and engineers to remain competitive in the global economy, and to build on the success of our many worldbeating engineering talents.” THE SNOWBOARD DESIGNER Liza Brooks, 24, is still studying for her engineering doctorate in advanced snowboard design but is already technical director of the UK’s biggest snowboarding company, True Snowboards. “I’m a keen snowboarder so it seemed like a good idea to specialise in building great snowboards. I set up True Snowboards in 2006 with two other colleagues, so now I’m an engineer and an entrepreneur. We now sell snowboards throughout Europe and, next season, we will be launching in North America. True Snowboards now sponsors some of the best UK riders, including 17-year-old Samantha Rogers who took the silver medal at this year’s British Big Air Championships, a key snowboarding event. Riders at the event who used our boards achieved a 74 per cent medal rate, which says something about how good they are. Our speciality is designing boards which can cope with dry slopes. These surfaces are very abrasive so they can cause a lot of friction and literally melt conventional boards. I used my engineering skills to come up with a workable solution to dissipate the heat so the boards don’t melt and last longer. Right now, I am experimenting to find new shapes to make the boards perform even better. I love my job because every day is different and I get to go outside and play with prototypes.” THE SPACEEXPERT Maggie Aderin, 39, is a scientist for Astrium Ltd, the UK’s largest space systems and services company. With a background in mechanical engineering, she oversees projects for the European Space Agency as well as NASA. “My job is great fun. I head up a team that makes optical instruments for space satellites. We are currently working on an amazing instrument for the Aeolus Satellite which is going to measure wind speed through the Earth’s atmosphere. It has to be tough and very accurate so we need to design and build it with extreme care. It will need to withstand temperatures that range from between minus 50 and plus 50 degrees centigrade, and will help us to understand more about global warming. I knew I wanted to work in space technology when I made my first telescope at the age of 15. When I left school, I studied physics at Imperial College London and then did a PhD in mechanical engineering. I have been engineering instruments ever since. Now I use my engineering skills to solve problems and I am aware of how my job can help preserve the planet in the future.” THE ENVIRONMENTALIST Vicki Stevenson, 37, is a chartered energy engineer specialising in renewable energy. “I love the fact that I am doing something practical which makes a difference. I research practical ways to reduce carbon emissions and use sustainable energy sources instead of fossil fuels.“ Stevenson’s latest project is working on a solar air heater that captures the heat that strikes off the walls of building and uses it to heat offices and to provide ventilation. “When I went to university I was torn between studying astrophysics and laser physics. Lasers won because I attended an open day at an engineering company which showed how the use of lasers and fibre optics made equipment safer for people working in mines. The results of the work I do will have far-reaching relevance, meaning we could all benefit in the long run. Knowing that what I do is useful really keeps me motivated.” Left: space engineer Maggie Aderin; above, relief worker Andrew Lamb @ JOBS ONLINE: jobs.telegraph.co.uk/ careers-insider Small is beautiful: layers of diamond-like carbon increase the data capacity of devices like the iPod nanotubes are used in F1 cars and high-performance tennis rackets. “In terms of electronics, carbon nanotubes are the way forward in making our electronic circuits smaller and faster,” explains Professor Rebecca Cheung of Edinburgh University. “Engineers in the future must learn from the environment. How a plant works and how a heart beats will influence how we design our world. Engineers will face the future’s big problems — pulling together science, sociology, politics — and they will have to be aware of the sociological and societal impact of what they do. It won’t only be the nuts and bolts engineers will need to know about in 2050, but also the issues of a wider world. Engineers will have to work with scientists, doctors, and architects to solve challenges on both the large and the micro scale.” PHILIP GUILDFORD, DIRECTOR OF ENGINEERING RESEARCH AT CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY NANO KNOWLEDGE IT TAKES BIG TALENT TO WORK ON A TINY SCALE, SAYS ADAM RAMSAY SMALL SOUNDS Every hard drive in our computers, iPods and Palm Pilots is coated with a layer of microscopic diamondlike carbon, which imitates its sparkling relative in its hardness, smoothness, and durability. The thinner this layer the more data can be stored on the disk. “The first hard drives had a layer of about 50 nanometers, which was a mixture of carbon and hydrogen”, says Dr Andrea Ferrari, an electrical engineer at Cambridge University. “In recent years this has got thinner and thinner and ideally we will reduce this to one or two nanometers of pure carbon.“ HEALTH BOOSTERS Nano-particles may one day be used to clinically target malign cells and tumours in the body. Using organic materials, silicon, and carbon nanotubes, engineers and cell biologists are working to perfect microscopic localised drug delivery and sensor systems. Cell biologist Professor McFadden, working with nanoengineer Professor Silva at Surrey University says: “We have had some success in the lab in attaching cancer drugs and targeted antibodies to carbon nanotubes, which can deliver anticancer drugs to cells.” This technology will allow more concentrated doses of drugs to be delivered to the site of the disease. Finding ways to power these nanodevices and to prevent the body from forming tissues around them is a major challenge for engineers, but in the future these nanoparticles may play key roles in the fight against cancer and diabetes. T here’s huge demand for microchips, and there are engineers who do nothing but work on components the size of a postage stamp. We look at the work of those for whom a magnifying glass is a crucial piece of kit: SPEEDY CIRCUITS Carbon nanotubes are rolls of graphite too small to be seen by the naked eye. Yet, according to Dr Milo Shaffer, an expert in nanomaterials at Imperial College, London, these materials, which look a bit like tiny rolls of chicken wire under the microscope, have the greatest strength of any material we know. The tubes can change their properties depending on how the “chicken wire” structure is folded, so the material can behave like a metal or a semi-conductor like silicon. Composite carbon *** *** THE DAILY TELEGRAPH *** *** Tunnels of love THE BRITISH ENGINEERS WHO ARE ADORED THE WORLD OVER page 2 From snowboards to iPods THE CAREER THAT MAKES YOUR WORLD WORK page 5 Champions’ league BUILDING THE WORLD’S SPORTS STADIA page 8 PHOTOLIBRARY Engineering CAREERS IN THURSDAY, O *** II *** *** THURSDAY, OCTOBER 9, 2008 THE DAILY TELEGRAPH | *** CAREERS IN ENGINEERING GOING UNDERGROUND The Daily Telegraph INTO THE DEEP N early 200 years ago, Marc Brunel (father of Isambard Kingdom) revolutionised tunnel construction when building the Thames Tunnel — the first to use *** *** THE DAILY TELEGRAPH THURSDAY, OCTOBER 9, 2008 *** *** | III The Daily Telegraph GRADUATES CAREERS IN ENGINEERING WATERAID/MARCO BETTI MAKING A DIFFERENCE: ENGINEERING SOCIAL CHANGE IF WORKING ON ETHICAL PROJECTS IS TOP OF YOUR AGENDA, THERE ARE SOME EXCELLENT GRADUATE SCHEMES OFFERING Y *** IV *** *** THURSDAY, OCTOBER 9, 2008 THE DAILY TELEGRAPH | *** *** *** THE DAILY TELEGRAPH THURSDAY, OCTOBER 9, 2008 *** *** | V The Daily Telegraph INDUSTRY OVERVIEW CAREERS IN ENGINEERING FROM CREATING HI-TECH SPORTS EQUIPMENT TO DEVELOPING SPACE SATELLITES, AN ENGINEERING DEGREE CAN EQUIP YOU FOR A VARIETY OF CAREER PATHS, SAYS THEA JOURDAN MAKING THE *** VI *** *** THURSDAY, OCTOBER 9, 2008 THE DAILY TELEGRAPH | *** CAREERS IN ENGINEERING ENTREPRENEURS The Daily Telegraph THE B SHOW STEALING THERE ARE GOOD SUPPORT NETWORKS FOR SMART-THINKING ENGINEERS WHO ARE KEEN TO MAKE THEIR IDEAS CENTRE STAGE, SAYS PENELOPE RANCE ritish engineering h *** *** THE DAILY TELEGRAPH THURSDAY, OCTOBER 9, 2008 *** *** | VII The Daily Telegraph INNOVATION CAREERS IN ENGINEERING Royal Academy of Engineering. This enables students to have contact with engineers who are established entrepreneurs or those who are developing their own ideas. Attendees ar *** VIII *** *** THURSDAY, OCTOBER 9, 2008 THE DAILY TELEGRAPH | *** CAREERS IN ENGINEERING PUBLIC PROJECTS JULIAN ANDREWS, CORBIS, EPA, The Daily Telegraph HE THE STADIA SUPREMO Top views: from left, the Bird’s Nest stadium; the Allianz Arena, Munich; impression of the London 2012 Velodrom