Greenlandic Perspectives Survey (GPS) AMAP - collection of ring seal samples Kelton Minor, University of Copenhagen, Kraks Fond Institute for Urban Economic Research, Denmark, Ulunnguaq Markussen, University of Greenland, Greenland, Hans Peter Mønsted, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark Signe Sveegaard, Aarhus Universit y, Roskilde, Denmark Most inhabited areas in Greenland are warming faster than the global average, driving fundamental environmental changes on land, sea and ice. How are Greenlandic residents already experiencing - and learning to live with concurrent changes in its economic and physical climate? From July to September 2018, a country wide, multi-stage survey of Greenlandic residents environmental change perceptions and beliefs was conducted by two international teams of researchers from the University of Greenland, University of Copenhagen and University of Southern Denmark. In partnership with Statistics Greenland, surveys were randomly allocated to 650 residents (nearly 2% of the adult population) living in randomly selected towns and settlements from each of Greenland's municipalities and geographic regions. We find that most (82%) Greenlandic residents think that climate change is an important issue to them personally and 79% have already directly experienced the effects of climate change. More residents think that climate change will harm them (44%) than benefit them (9%). Future steps of the Greenlandic Perspectives Survey (GPS) are planned to track public opinion over time. This project was supported by Greenland Perspective and Kraks Fond - Institute for Urban Economic Research. The collection of 20 ringed seals in the Disko Bay area is part of the ongoing monitoring in the AMAP program: https://w w w.amap.no/. The overall goal is to monitor and assess the status of the Arctic region with respect to pollution and climate change issues. Ring seal samples are collected every second year. ArcticFan comparison of geomorphology and dynamics of alluvial and colluvial fans and cones in the Arctic based on examples from Greenland, Svalbard and Iceland Aleksandra Tomczyk, Marek Ewertowski, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland The ArcticFan project used unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) to produce very high resolution DEMs and orthomosaics to study morphometry, geomorphology and surface deposits of alluvial and colluvial fans and cones. Data collected thanks to INTER ACT support from NE Greenaland (Zackenberg 2017) and W Greenland (Arctic Station 2018) will be combined with our other data from Svalbard and Iceland, enabling trans-Arctic comparison of geomorphology and dynamics of alluvial and colluvial fans representing different polar settings. Oxygen dynamics and temperature responses of arctic macroalgae Pan Arctic Precipitation Isotope Network Jens Borum, Ole Pedersen, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, Morten Foldager Pedersen, Roskilde University, Denmark, Ole Geertz-Hansen, Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Greenland Jeff Welker and colleagues, University of Oulu, Finland The aim of the project was to examine how the internal oxygen dynamics of large, arctic macroalgae respond to changes in rates of respiration forced by differences in tissue thickness and changes in temperature regimes. Rates of dark respiration of six different macroalgal species measured in the laboratory varied with algal tissue thickness and increased with temperature. Overall, respiration rates increased with increasing surface area to volume ratio going from species with thicker to thinner tissues. As expected, respiration increased with increasing temperature. Internal oxygen profiles within algal tissues varied markedly among species of different tissue thickness and with different temperatures. Results will be compared to data from macroalgae with a broader latitudinal distribution. As part of the EU INTER ACT project: Pan Arctic Precipitation Isotope Network, Arctic Station collected about 25 precipitation and stream water samples in the beginning in June of 2018. These correspond with similar samples being collected in Nuuk as well as in Thule providing the first N to S transect for isotope geochemistry analysis along the west coast of Greenland. Our initial analyses of all these sites depict shifting storm track patterns from S to N and then rapid flipping from N to S. We observe corresponding isotopic fractionation along these moisture source transport patterns exceeding 10 per mil at times along the W Greenland transect. Besides, we see distinct d-excess differences in moisture source patterns. Collectively, these data will greatly strengthen our understanding of the W Greenland water isotope cycle which can be applied to ice core interpretations, atmospheric process modeling and ecohydrologic studies. A n n u a l R e p o r t 2018 19 university of copenhagen facu lt y of sci e nc e A RC T I C STAT I ON Ann ual Repor t 2 018 2 A R C T I C S TAT I O N ARCTIC STATION Annual Report 2018 CONTENTS Chairmans welcome ............................................................ 5 Monitoring at Arctic Station ........ .......................................... 6 Research projects ........................ ......................................... 17 Educa 4 Chairmans Welcome Professor Bo Elberling Compared to other years, the summer of 2018 was cold and wet in Greenland. While summer temperatures in Europe were higher than for decades, summer temperatures at Arctic Station were in general low. Despite the weather, the year 2018 has been a very succes Monitoring at Arctic Station Charlotte Sigsgaard, Regin Rønn, Michele Citterio, Jakob Abermann, Per Juel Hansen, Kirsty Langly, Kirsten S. Christoffersen, Sille Myreng, Daniel Binder, Laura Helene Rasmussen, Morten Rasch, Aart Kroon, Dorthe Krause-Jensen, Birgit Olesen, Thomas Friborg and Bo Elberli 15 10 10 Temperature (oC) Temperature (oC) 5 0 -5 -10 -15 Summer (J, J, A) Winter/coldest months (J, F, M) Mean annual air temperature -20 -25 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 Figure 2. Annual mean air temperatures at Arctic Station from 1992 to 2018 and mean air temperatures for 31-J an 2-Mar 1-Apr 1-May 31-May 30-J un 30-J ul 29-Aug 28-S ep 28-Oct 27-Nov 27-Dec 2018 1040 1000 960 60 0 40 -10 20 -30 0 Wind speed (m s -1) -20 Rain (mm) 80 10 Temperature (C) Air pressure (mbar) 1-J an 16 12 8 4 0 Wind dir () 300 200 100 S now depth (m) 0 0.8 40 0 Sep Precipitation (mm) 350 Aug Jul Jun May 30 0 250 20 0 150 10 0 50 19 91 19 92 19 93 19 94 19 95 19 96 19 97 19 98 19 99 20 00 20 01 20 02 20 03 20 04 20 05 20 06 20 07 20 08 20 09 20 10 20 11 20 12 20 13 20 14 20 15 20 16 20 17 20 18 0 Figure 5. Stacked monthly values of rain from Figure 7. Water started to run in the snow covered river bed on 6 June. Several fows with a mixture of water, snow and ice occurred during the day. Photos: Charlotte Sigsgaard and Laura L. Frendrup. Marine monitoring Marine monitoring has been periodically carried out at Arc tic Station since 1924. Figure 9. About 60-70 mm of rain on the 3 August 2018 caused overland fow and high discharge and high content of suspended sediment in the river. Photo: Elisabeth L. Kolstad. there is of ten a layer of cold water at 50 -10 0 m with temperatures as low as -1.6 C sandwiched bet ween the warmer sur fa Macroalgae monitoring 8 7 10 m 50 m 200 m The Greenland Ecosystem Monitoring program (GEM) on marine vegetation in the Disko Bay was initiated in the summer of 2018. The program includes studies of tidal and subtidal macroalgae along the shores of Disko Island and Kronprinsens Ejland as specified Figure 13. Overview, based on drone images, of Fortuna Bay with the tidal vegetation forming a fringe along the shoreline visible as a light brown contour at low tide. Drone operated by Dorte KrauseJensen and Birgit Olesen and drone images analysed and processed by Michael Bo Rasmussen. Growth of s 14 Chlorophyll (ug l-1) 12 Danish Meteorological Institute (DM I) which will pro vide data for in-situ validation data for DM Is remote sensing produc t s. The first complete dataset will be downloaded in 2019. Data received via satellite link already shows seasonal variabilit y in the temperatur Figure 18. Two moulins on Chamberlin Glacier found in August 2018 (left) and the entrance of one of the moulins which in August 2018 appeared safe to descend. Photos: Michele Citterio. Influence of cloud cover in surface energy balance in Arctic environments Sur face air temperatures in the Arctic enhance snow and glacier melt is still poorly known, not the least in Greenland. While some authors claim clouds enhance melt water runof f others claim that decreasing cloud cover drives the recent mass loss on the Greenland ice sheet. Despite their crucial impor tance for understanding Arc tic cli Research Projects Development of methodology for evaluating chemicals discarded in high Arctic waters Kim Gustavson, Eva Friis Møller, Mette Dalgaard, DCE, Department of Bioscience Aarhus University, Denmark The overall aim of the project was to strengthen the basis for evaluation and regulation of Baleen whale. Photo: Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen. Qimmeq Anders J. Hansen, Tom Gilbert, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, Nobuyuki Yamaguchi, Qatar University, Quatar, Siz Madsen, Denmark The Qimmeq Project consists of several components including, sled dog genetics, culture history, film- and phot Greenlandic Perspectives Survey (GPS) AMAP - collection of ring seal samples Kelton Minor, University of Copenhagen, Kraks Fond Institute for Urban Economic Research, Denmark, Ulunnguaq Markussen, University of Greenland, Greenland, Hans Peter Mønsted, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark Sign CENPERM activities Per Ambus, Anders Michelsen, Laura Helene Rasmussen, Laura Bjørnholt Larsen, Emily Pickering Pedersen, Ludovica D'Imperio, Andreas Westergaard-Nielsen, Trevor James Popp, Steffen Bo Hansen, Sune Olander Rasmussen, Bo Elberling, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, Peter Convey, Brit A n n u a l R e p o r t 2018 21 Preparing samples in the laboratory . Photo: Advanced Analytical Chemistry - Arctic Pollution Chemistry 2018 (Field course) Photo Kent Pørksen 22 Education CHESS PhD school: Arctic Glacier Field Course Alexios Theofilopoulos, Andreas Alexander, Anais Bretones, Andreas Plach, Calvin Shackleton, Ida Margrete Ringgaard, Jacob Morgan, Jonathan Rheinlander, Karita Kajanto, Lis Allaar t, Margaret Lindeman, Maya Becker, Mor ven Muilwijk, Nicholas Ra Field trip North Greenlands High School GUX Asiaat Photo: Advanced Analytical Chemistry -Arctic Pollution Research 2018 (Field course). All projec ts included numerous sampling trips in the field (open water and coast line) followed by analyses in dif ferent designated labs at the Arc tic Station based monitoring projec t focusing on the conditions of the living resources based on input from local fishers and hunters. Visiting period: 5 December, 2 days. Climate Change in Greenland Niels Vinther, Egedal Gymnasium, A sger Vinther Michelsen, Kenneth Sorento, Mediehuset København Denmark Visit Publications Scientific papers 2018 A lb e r s C. N ., K ra m s h ø j M ., R inna n R . (2018). R a p i d min e ra liz at i o n of b i o g e ni c vo lat il e o rg a ni c co m p o un d s in te m p e rate a n d A rc t i c s o ils . B i o g e o s ci e n ce s 15, 3591-3 6 01. D O I :10.519 4 / b g -15 - Reports 2018 K a li t a, S . N ., Wo hlra b, S ., Ku e hn e, N . a n d J o hn, U., A l fre d - We g e n e r- I ns t i tu te (2018): Tra ns c r ipto m e ana l y s is of sing l e ce lls: a p la nk to n cha ra c te r iz at i o n of A rc t i c wate r s , 2n d A nnua l M e e t ing of D F G -S P P 19 91 T Members of the board Professor Anders Michelsen Depar tment of Biology Phone: + 45 2339 8286 E-mail: andersm@bio.ku.dk Professor Bo Elberling (Chairman) Depar tment of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management Phone: + 45 3532 2520 E-mail: be@ign.ku.dk A ssociate Professor Nina Lundholm Natural A n n u a l R e p o r t 2018 29 Title Arc tic Station Annual Repor t 2018 Publisher Board of the Arc tic Station, Univer sit y of Copenhagen, Denmark Editor A ar t Kroon and Charlot te Sigsgaard L ayout and graphic s Kent Pørk sen, Depar tment of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management Internet ver sion ark tisk station.ku.dk